Permitted Citation.
(1) An unpublished decision is a judicial opinion, order, judgment, or other
written disposition that is designated “unpublished,” “not for publication,”
“non-precedential,” “not precedent,” or the like.
Local Rules of Civil Practice - District of Utah Eff. December 2025
(2) A party may cite to an unpublished decision for its persuasive value or
under the doctrines of law of the case, claim preclusion, or issue
preclusion.
Citation Form.
A citation to an unpublished decision must include an appropriate parenthetical
notation stating that it is unpublished and a reference to an electronic database,
when possible (e.g., United States v. Keeble, No. 05-5190, 184 F. App'x. 756,
2006 U.S. App. LEXIS 14871 (10th Cir. June 15, 2006) (not selected for
publication); United States v. Gartrell, No. 2:04CR97 DB, 2005 WL 2265362 (D.
Utah Sept. 7, 2005) (unpublished).
Copies.
If an unpublished decision is not available in a publicly accessible electronic
database, a party must attach a copy to the filed document. Even if a decision is
publicly accessible, a party must provide a copy to the court or another party
upon request.
