Pursuant to Rule 5(d)(3) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, the Clerk will accept
papers filed, signed, or verified by electronic means that are consistent with technical standards,
if any, that the Judicial Conference of the United States establishes. Any paper filed by
electronic means pursuant to these rules constitutes a written paper for the purposes of
applying these rules and the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Papers filed by electronic
means shall be governed by the Court's CM/ECF Administrative Guide of Policies and
Procedures (ECF Policy Manual) and orders of the Court. Electronic filing is mandatory
except as specified in the ECF Policy Manual.
