a. Contacts by Defendants or Witnesses. Except upon leave of court, no actual or potential
defendant or witness, and no lawyer or other person acting on their behalf, may contact,
interview, examine, or question any grand juror or potential grand juror concerning the juror’s
actual or potential grand jury service.
b. Contacts by Lawyers for the Government. Except upon leave of court, no lawyer for the
government or other person acting on his or her behalf may contact, interview, examine, or
question any grand juror or potential grand juror concerning the juror’s actual or potential
grand jury service, except that contacts may be made on the record during grand jury
proceedings and as necessary in connection with the administration of the grand jury.
