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About the Judges
William Jung
District Judge
Commission Date:
September 10, 2018
Division:
Tampa
Chambers:
1558
Chambers Phone:
(813) 301-5220
Courtroom:
15B
Judge Initials:
WFJ
Effective 2/1/2023, the Court does not allow mediation by telephone or video conference. Personal attendance is required.
Courtroom Deputy
Court Reporter
Law Clerks
Gabriella Lobaina
(813) 301-5828
Tana Hess
(813) 301-5207
Cindy Bedell
Samuel Chan
Benjamin Lindquist
Judge Tabs
Biography
Federal Judicial Service
District Judge, United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida
Nominated by Donald Trump on December 21, 2017, to a seat vacated by Judge Anne Conway.
Confirmed by the Senate on September 6, 2018, and received commission on September 10, 2018.
Nominated by George W. Bush, 2008; nominated by Barack H. Obama, 2015.
Education
Vanderbilt University, B.A., magna cum laude, 1980
University of Illinois College of Law, J.D., summa cum laude, 1983
Professional Career
Law Clerk for United States Circuit Judge Gerald Bard Tjoflat, United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit, Atlanta, Georgia, 1983–1984
Law Clerk for United States Associate Justice William Rehnquist, Supreme Court of the United States, Washington D.C., 1984–1985
Associate Attorney, Carlton Fields, P.A, Tampa, Florida, 1985–1987
Assistant United States Attorney, United States District Court Southern District of Florida, 1987–1990
Assistant United States Attorney, United States District Court Middle District of Florida, 1990–1993
Partner, Jung & Sisco, P.A. (formerly Black & Jung, P.A.), 1993–2018
FAQs
Criminal Pretrial Procedures
Does the court accept nolo contendere or Alford pleas?
Not often.
Does the court conduct status conferences in criminal cases?
Yes. (See the Status Conference section under the Criminal section of the Preferences tab.)
What is the court's policy on plea arrangements that involve sentencing recommendations?
Although the court will consider a sentencing recommendation proposed by any party, the recommendation is not binding on the court.
What matters are discussed at a status conference?
Scheduling issues,
Speedy Trial Act
issues, the possibility of a plea, length of trial, and whether the case is ready for trial.
What pretrial criminal proceedings are referred to the assigned magistrate judge?
Arraignments, change of pleas, bail proceedings, and detention hearings. Motions to suppress may also be referred to the assigned
magistrate judge
for a report and recommendation.
Litigants without Lawyers
What if I want to represent myself?
Pro se litigants can download the United States District Court Middle District of Florida
Guide for Proceeding Without a Lawyer
for information on self-representation in this United States District Court. It is not legal advice and should not be considered as such. Those seeking guidance concerning a federal action should consult with an attorney. You may also visit the Middle District of Florida's webpage on
Litigants without Lawyers
for additional information.
Motion Practice
Does the court accept proposed orders?
No, unless requested by the court. In the limited cases in which the court requests a proposed order, it should be emailed to the chambers inbox in Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx) format.
Does the court conduct Daubert hearings before tria
l?
Yes, if necessary.
Does the court entertain motions in limine?
Yes. The court believes they are over-utilized.
Does the court refer discovery matters to the assigned magistrate judge?
Yes.
Does the court require a statement of material facts in support of a motion for summary judgment?
Yes. (See the Motions for Summary Judgment section under the Civil Motions section of the Preferences tab.)
Does the court set aside time in a given week or month to hear oral arguments on pending motions?
The court will schedule oral arguments on selected pending motions as its trial calendar permits.
How should counsel or a pro se litigant call attention to a pending motion of particular importance to expedite ruling?
If the motion is a true emergency, it should be styled as such. You may phone staff at chambers.
Should copies of cases cited in motions and memoranda of law be forwarded to chambers?
No. However, the court encourages counsel to consider inserting hyperlinks to cited legal authority located on recognized electronic research services like Westlaw, LexisNexis, FindLaw, and official government websites in documents filed electronically.
Should courtesy copies of pleadings and motions be forwarded to chambers?
No, unless a pleading or motion exceeds 100 pages, including exhibits and attachments. A courtesy copy should be mailed or delivered to chambers as soon as practicable after filing.
Rule 16 Preliminary Pretrial Conference (AKA Case Management Conference)
Does the court conduct the Rule 16 preliminary pretrial conference?
Upon request.
May counsel appear by telephone at the preliminary pretrial conference?
Yes.
What matters are discussed at a preliminary pretrial conference?
The alleged facts of the case, unique issues anticipated by counsel, the court's case management practices and procedures, pretrial deadlines to govern the case, prospects of settlement, pending motions, scope of discovery, need for expert witnesses, length of trial, calendar conflicts, scheduling of mediation and selection of mediator, and whether the parties consent to the jurisdiction of the assigned magistrate judge.
Settlement
Does the court conduct settlement conferences?
No.
What is the court's policy on alternative dispute resolution such as court-annexed, nonbinding arbitration and mediation?
Mediation is required in almost all civil cases.
Trials
Calendar
Does the court send a trial calendar?
Yes. A trial calendar will be distributed for the upcoming trial term about one to two weeks before the beginning of the term. Cases are listed in the rough order in which they will be tried, although experience indicates that cases might be called out of order to maximize trial time.
Does the court require trial briefs?
They are not mandatory.
How are civil and criminal cases set for trial?
All cases are scheduled for a monthly trial term. Throughout the assigned trial term, counsel and their witnesses must be available upon short notice. Cases not reached during the trial term will be placed at the beginning of the following month's trial term.
Absent exceptional circumstances, the court does not usually provide a date certain for trials.
Jury Procedures
Are jurors permitted to ask questions of a witness?
Yes. In civil cases the Eleventh Circuit permits juror questions. The court requires that the jurors submit all questions in writing. The court will go over the questions with counsel and will allow only appropriate questions to be asked after consideration from both sides.
Are jurors permitted to take notes?
Yes.
Jury Selection and Voir Dire
Can parties submit proposed voir dire questions to the court?
Yes, but counsel will be permitted voir dire.
Does the court conduct voir dire?
Yes. The court conducts the initial voir dire examination. Counsel will have an opportunity to conduct follow-up.
Does the court have any procedures on peremptory challenges?
Back-striking is permitted.
In multiple-party cases, does the court grant each party three preemptory challenges?
This varies.
Objections
Does the court have any procedures regarding objections at trial?
Yes. When objecting, counsel should stand and only state the objection and legal ground for the objection without argument: "Objection. Hearsay," or "Objection. Leading." Speaking objections are prohibited unless the court requests further information from counsel. When a party has more than one lawyer, only one lawyer may conduct the examination of a given witness, and that lawyer alone may make objections concerning that witness.
Opening Statements
Can counsel use exhibits during opening statements?
This should be addressed prior to opening with the court.
Does the court allow the plaintiff or government to make a rebuttal during opening statements?
No.
Does the court impose any time limits for opening statements?
Not usually, but this depends upon the case. The best lawyers are concise.
Sentencing
Does the court allow sentencing memoranda to be submitted?
Yes. When a party believes a sentencing memorandum will benefit the court, counsel must file it at least three days before the sentencing date.
Does the court disclose the probation officer's final sentencing recommendation?
No.
Is there a deadline for filing motions to continue sentencing?
Yes. Absent an emergency, all motions to continue sentencing must be filed at least 10 days before the scheduled sentencing date.
Forms
Civil Disclosure Statement – LR 3.03 and FRCP 7.1 (DOC)
Criminal Disclosure Statement – FRCrP 12.4 (DOC)
Uniform Case Management Report (DOC)
AO 85: Notice, Consent, and Reference of a Civil Action to a Magistrate Judge (PDF)
Case Management Report in Patent Cases (DOC)
Certificate of Interested Persons and Corporate Discloseure Statement (DOC)
Exhibit Labels and List (DOC)
Notice of Pendency of Other Actions (DOC)
Preferences
Civil Case Management
There are approximately 400 cases pending at any given time before Judge Jung. If a pending case needs judicial attention and a party is seeking an order from the court, or if a case needs to be reactivated after a stay, a pleading denominated as a "motion" should be filed, not a "status update" or "notice." Motions are electronically flagged for the court’s attention.
Case Management and Scheduling Order
The court will enter a case management and scheduling order. It may be modified only for good cause and with the court’s consent.
Case Management Report
For the majority of the cases, parties must file the uniform case management report in accordance with
Local Rule 3.02
.
Closing Cases
For statistical purposes, the court will close civil cases after the entry of final judgment following a jury verdict, court decision, the parties' stipulation, or settlement. This will not affect the disposition of post-trial motions or the assessment of fees and costs as appropriate.
Final Pretrial Conference
The court conducts a final pretrial conference in each civil case. At least one lawyer who will conduct the trial for each party and any unrepresented party must attend the conference in person.
A final pretrial conference is initially scheduled about three weeks before the first day of the trial term.
Matters discussed at the final pretrial conference usually include:
facts to be resolved at trial;
the remaining legal issues and defenses to be resolved at trial;
pending motions;
evidence-related matters (e.g., witnesses who may be in the courtroom during trial, mode of questioning, and identifying exhibits);
trial witnesses (e.g., number of witnesses each side intends to call and might call if the need arises, scheduling issues, calling witnesses out of order, witnesses that will be presented by deposition transcript or videotape);
exhibit lists;
the court's trial practices and policies (e.g., voir dire process, marking and presenting exhibits, use of
courtroom technology
, etc.);
any problems that might disrupt, delay, or unnecessarily complicate the trial; and
stipulations to facts, law, and admissibility of evidence.
Mediation
Mediation is required in almost all civil cases.
If the parties need to reschedule the mediation for a date within the court's mediation deadline, they should file a notice setting forth the new mediation date. However, if the parties seek to reset the mediation for a date outside the deadline, they must file a motion setting forth good cause.
Service of the Complaint
The
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
allow 90 days to effect service of process. However, the court encourages counsel for the plaintiff to effect service upon all defendants as expeditiously as possible.
Civil Motions
Form of Motions
All motions and cross-motions must include a concise statement of the precise relief requested, a statement of the basis for the request, and a memorandum of legal authority in support of the request. See
Local Rule 3.01
. All motions and responses must be typewritten, double-spaced, and at least 12-point font. See
Local Rule 1.05
.
Hearings on Motions
The court often provides for oral argument on motions. The court will also consider a request by either party for oral argument. On most motions to dismiss and motions for summary judgment, Judge Jung will set a hearing date. The parties should note that the court is continuously reviewing the record and (once response times have expired) the court may rule at any time on a pending motion
–
even if it is set for a hearing date.
Local Rule 3.01(g) Certification
Local Rule 3.01
(g) requires a moving party to confer with opposing counsel in a good-faith effort to resolve the issue to be raised in a motion before filing a motion in a civil case. Thus, placing a phone call or sending an email is not sufficient. The rule also requires the moving party to file a statement certifying the conference and stating opposing counsel's position on the motion. The importance of Local Rule 3.01(g) cannot be overstated; therefore, failure to comply with the rule will result in the court denying or striking the motion.
Motions for Summary Judgment
Number of Motions:
Absent the court’s permission, a party may not file multiple motions for summary judgment.
Statement of Material Facts:
The moving party shall file a separate "Statement of Undisputed Material Facts" (not exceeding 20 pages in length) after the parties confer in good faith to narrow the factual issues in dispute. The Statement of Undisputed Facts must contain citations to the record and shall accompany the motion for summary judgment.
The statement of undisputed material facts must list each material fact alleged not to be disputed in separate, numbered paragraphs. Each fact must be supported by a pinpoint citation to the specific part of the record relied upon to support that fact. For example, a reference to "Deposition of Jones" is insufficient; the page and line number of the deposition transcript must be included. The record includes depositions, electronically stored information, affidavits or declarations, stipulations, admissions, and interrogatory answers. It does not include lawyers’ affidavits. When preparing the statement of undisputed material facts, the moving party must reference only the material facts necessary for the court to determine the issues presented in the motion for summary judgment. Legal argument should not be included in the statement of undisputed material facts. Failure to submit a statement of undisputed material facts constitutes grounds for denial of the motion.
Any party opposing a motion for summary judgment must file a separate "Statement of Disputed Facts" (not exceeding 20 pages in length), with citations to the record. The opposing party's statement must mirror the statement of undisputed material facts by admitting and/or denying each of the moving party's assertions in matching number paragraphs. Each denial must set forth a pinpoint citation to the record where the fact is disputed. Although the opposing party's statement must correspond with the paragraph scheme used in the statement of undisputed material facts, the statement need not repeat the text of the moving party's paragraphs. In deciding a motion for summary judgment, the court will deem admitted any fact in the statement of undisputed material facts that the opposing party does not specifically controvert, provided record evidence supports the moving party’s statement. Additional facts the party opposing summary judgment contends are material shall be numbered and placed at the end of the opposing party's statement and include a pinpoint citation to the record where the fact is established.
When resolving a motion for summary judgment, the court has no independent duty to search and consider any part of the record not otherwise referenced and pinpoint cited in the statement of undisputed material facts or the statement of disputed facts. See
Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)(3
) ("The court need consider only the cited materials, but it may consider other materials in the record.").
Deposition Transcripts as Exhibits:
A party relying on a deposition transcript to support a motion for summary judgment must file the transcript in its entirety (condensed version is best) with exhibits and an index if available.
Exhibit Index:
Counsel filing a document with exhibits totaling more than 10 pages must create an index to the exhibits, including the exhibit number and title. File the index as the first attachment to the parent document. Below is a sample exhibit index:
Number
Title
1
Affidavit of John Smith
2
Jane Doe's Deposition
3-A
Contract Between XYZ Company and ABC Company (Part 1, Pages 1–15)
3-B
Contract Between XYZ Company and ABC Company (Part 2, Pages 16–24)
4
XYZ Company General Ledgers
Courtroom Technology and Equipment
General
Counsel may contact the courtroom deputy to test or be trained on the equipment in advance of a hearing or trial.
Evidence Presentation System
The courtroom is equipped with an evidence presentation system. This system allows counsel with their
laptop computer
, iPad, or tablet to present evidence simultaneously in the courtroom through a system of interconnected video liquid crystal displays (LCD). The system allows
lawyers
to:
connect their laptop computer, iPad, or tablet and simultaneously share scanned documents, present animations, display graphics, and play audio and video files; and
use a
digital camera
to zoom in and out on portions of a paper document, a photograph, or a small piece of physical evidence.
The evidence presentation system in courtroom 15B consists of:
computer audio and video connection cables (3.5 stereo and a video cable (VGA only);
digital document camera;
Liquid crystal displays (LCD) touchscreen control panel for annotations; and
LCD displays for the judge, witness, and counsel tables.
To use the evidence presentation systems, counsel must bring necessary connection adapters, such as DisplayPort or Thunderbolt, for their
laptop computer
or iPad, if not equipped with VGA connections. The court's evidence presentation system native video resolution is 1024p x 768p. Typically, the system will automatically scale the video input on counsel's laptop computer to match the system. However, sometimes the resolution of counsel's laptop computer may need to be set at 1024p x 768p before connecting to the system. Third-party presentation software like Sanction, Trial Director, and PowerPoint are compatible with the system.
The court does not provide any equipment to present scanned documents, animations, graphics, or audio and video files from VHS, CD, DVD, Blu-Ray, or external drives like a USB thumb drive. All files must be presented from counsel's
laptop computer
. Counsel is responsible for operating the evidence presentation system, and court employees are not authorized to operate counsel's laptop computer.
Personal Electronic Devices
Parties must review the Middle District of Florida's policy in Local Rule 7.02 on possessing and using personal electronic devices (e.g., cellular phones, laptop computers, iPads, and tablets) in the courthouse. Under this policy,
lawyers
permitted to practice in the Middle District of Florida may bring personal electronic devices beyond the courthouse's security checkpoint by presenting a valid
Florida Bar
identification card or pro hac vice order.
Wireless Internet
The courtroom has wireless internet access, provided and paid for by the
Bench Bar Fund
. The courtroom deputy has the username and password.
Criminal
Change of Plea
A change of plea is often referred to the assigned
magistrate judge
. A change of plea must be entered with the assigned magistrate judge by the established plea deadline unless otherwise permitted by the court.
Discovery
Discovery issues are often referred to the assigned
magistrate judge
.
Sentencing
Counsel must promptly notify the court if a sentencing hearing is expected to last longer than 30 minutes, so appropriate arrangements can be made. Sentencing memoranda should be filed at least three business days before the sentencing date to give the court a sufficient opportunity to review the material.
Absent extraordinary circumstances, the court will not consider motions to continue that are not filed at least 10 days before the sentencing hearing.
Status Conferences
The court conducts monthly status conferences in all pending criminal cases. The court will discuss scheduling issues, possibility of a plea, length of trial, and whether the case is ready for trial.
The parties are not excused from the status conference unless the plea agreement has been executed, the change-of-plea hearing has been scheduled, and a notice of cancellation of the status conference has been docketed before the status conference date. If a plea is not accepted for whatever reason after the status conference, counsel must be prepared to go to trial and should not expect the failure of the plea to be grounds for a continuance.
The court allows lead counsel to send another attorney to the status conference to stand in for them when lead counsel is unavailable. However, stand-in counsel must have the authority to waive a speedy trial and request a continuance. If lead counsel is unavailable to appear in person, the court also permits appearance by telephone. Counsel may make the appropriate arrangements by contacting the courtroom deputy at least three days before the scheduled conference.
General
Administrative Procedures for Electronic Filing
The Middle District of Florida mandates electronic filing through the
Case Management/Electronic Case Files (CM/ECF)
system in most circumstances.
Contacting Chambers
Counsel may call
chambers
with procedural questions and for other assistance. However, the law clerks will not give legal advice, interpret the rules, provide time estimates for the court's written rulings, or discuss the merits of a case.
Courtesy Copy
When filing motions electronically, it is not necessary to submit a courtesy copy to
chambers
unless the motion exceeds 100 pages in length, including exhibits and attachments. A courtesy copy should be mailed or delivered to
chambers
as soon as practicable after electronic filing.
Injunctive Settlements
On occasions the parties will ask Judge Jung to enter a lengthy permanent injunction as part of a settlement. The court prefers not to sign injunctions, even stipulated, that contain extensive recitation of facts that the court is unfamiliar with. A preferred method is for the parties to sign a written settlement with as much detail as they prefer, and file it. Then the parties may move the court to enter a very short order accepting the filed settlement and reserving jurisdiction to enforce.
Local and Federal Rules
Many answers to frequently asked questions are found in the
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure
, the
Local Rules for the Middle District of Florida
, and the Middle District of Florida's CM/ECF
Administrative Procedures for Electronic Filing
. The court expects counsel and
pro se litigants
to know and follow these rules.
Notice of Unavailability of Counsel
A Notice of Unavailability of Counsel has no force or effect in this court. Counsel should not rely on filing a notice of unavailability to excuse his or her failure to appear before the court or to comply with deadlines or other procedural rules.
If counsel needs to extend a deadline or reschedule a proceeding, counsel must first confer with opposing counsel and then file a motion for an extension of time or continuance with the court.
Optical Character Recognition (OCR)
When possible, counsel who files a document on
Case Management/Electronic Case Files (CM/ECF)
should scan the document with optical character recognition (OCR). OCR converts scanned images into text and provides the ability to search text and copy and paste in a document. OCR is available in most scanning and portable document format (.pdf) creation software packages. OCR is most effective on primarily text-based documents and is generally not beneficial for maps, photographs, charts, graphs, financial statements, and other non-text documents. Counsel using OCR are responsible for verifying reasonable accuracy and readability of the document.
Proposed Order
A proposed order is not necessary unless the court specifically requests one or the
Local Rules
require one. When submitting a proposed order, counsel must email it to the
chambers inbox
in Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx) or WordPerfect (.wpd) format. Counsel must include the case name and
number
in the subject line.
Requests for Extensions of Time
Because the Middle District of Florida is one of the busiest trial courts in the country, extensions of court-imposed dates and deadlines will be granted only for compelling reasons. The court's permission is required to extend court-imposed dates and deadlines.
The court encourages the parties to work together in a collegial manner with respect to all pending matters; however, it is solely the court's province to grant an extension of time. Notably, after a defendant has been served, if that defendant needs additional time to respond to the complaint, that defendant should file a motion requesting an extension of time, rather than informally seeking an extension of time from plaintiff's counsel. An informal agreement without the benefit of a court order is insufficient. Counsel should consult the
Local Rules
about admission to practice before the court. If defense counsel does not meet the requirements for being admitted to practice in this court, defense counsel should retain local counsel and seek admission on a pro hac vice basis.
Replies (Civil and Criminal Cases)
Reply briefs, not to exceed eight pages in length, are permissible without leave of court. Any reply brief should not repeat points already made. Any replies must be filed within seven (7) days.
Trial
Bench Trials
After the conclusion of the bench trial, the court will direct counsel for each party to file proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law (usually 30 days after the trial). The proposed findings of fact and conclusions of law must be emailed to the
chambers inbox
in Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx) or WordPerfect (.wpd) format.
Deposition Testimony
Parties must file with the court color-coded copies of deposition transcripts (preferably mini-script versions) reflecting, in different highlighted colors, the deposition excerpts each party has designated to be read at trial, with objections noted in the margin, five days before the beginning of the trial term. Parties should submit unresolved objections to video-recorded depositions to the court 10 days before the trial term.
Electronic Exhibits for the Court
On or before the morning of trial (before jury selection) counsel for each party must provide the Court with two electronic thumb drive/memory sticks containing both of the following: (1) all individual exhibits the party intends to introduce at trial, and (2) all joint exhibits the parties intend to introduce at trial. All exhibits should be separated individually and labeled within the electronic thumb drives/ memory sticks that they are contained on.
If an exhibit is physical evidence (e.g., drugs, ammunition, firearm), counsel should insert a placeholder exhibit that states, "Exhibit [Number] is [description of exhibit]." If an exhibit contains child pornographic images, counsel should either (a) provide a redacted version of the exhibit, or (b) insert a placeholder exhibit that states, "Exhibit [Number] contains child pornographic images."
Exhibit Lists
In accordance with the applicable case management and scheduling order, counsel for each party must file and exchange a list of exhibits that might be introduced at trial. Counsel must use the exhibit list form found on this website. In completing the form, counsel must provide a descriptive notation sufficient to identify each exhibit.
In addition, on the morning of trial, before jury selection, counsel must provide the courtroom deputy with three copies of their respective exhibit lists and email the lists in Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx) or WordPerfect (.wpd) format to the
chambers inbox
. Include the case number and case name in the subject line.
Please avoid inserting duplicate exhibits into the record. Joint exhibits should be on a joint list. For example, if photographs or medical records are being stipulated jointly into evidence, they should be marked as a joint exhibit and not listed separately by both (all) parties' witness lists.
Hours
The court typically conducts trial from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM with two 15-minute breaks and a lunch recess. This schedule may change as circumstances dictate.
Jury Instructions and Verdict Forms
In accordance with the applicable case management and scheduling order, counsel must file and serve proposed jury instructions and verdict forms based on the United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit Pattern Jury Instructions. If a pattern instruction is not available for a certain type of instruction, counsel must submit a proposed instruction, citing authority that supports the requested non-pattern instruction. In addition, counsel must email proposed jury instructions and verdict forms in Microsoft Word (.doc or .docx) or WordPerfect (.wpd) format to the
chambers inbox
. Include the case number and case name in the subject line. The parties should use the
Eleventh Circuit's jury instruction builder
.
Jury Selection and Voir Dire
Jury selection is typically set for the Monday morning of the week a trial is set to begin. Eight
jurors
are usually seated for civil cases, with all eight jurors deliberating. For criminal cases, 12 jurors are selected, normally with one or more alternates.
Marking Exhibits
Before trial, counsel for each party must mark exhibits using the exhibit tags found on this website. Counsel must staple the appropriate party-specific exhibit tag to the upper-right corner of the first page.
In completing the exhibit tags, the parties must use consecutive numbers to mark exhibits. For example:
Type of Exhibit
Examples and Instructions
Government
Gov. 1, Gov. 2, Gov. 3, etc.
Plaintiff
Pl. 1, Pl. 2, Pl. 3, etc.
Defendant
Def. 1, Def. 2, Def. 3, etc.
Multiple Defendants
Number exhibits in the same order as the defendant's name appears on the
indictment or complaint: D-1 Ex. 1, D-2 Ex. 1, etc.
Joint Exhibits
Joint 1, Joint 2, Joint 3, etc.
Composite Exhibits
Mark each exhibit in the composite separately using a number and lower-case letter, e.g., Gov. 1a, Gov. 1b, Gov. 1c, etc.
Also, identify each exhibit in the composite on a separate line in the exhibit list.
Witness Lists
In accordance with the applicable case management and scheduling order, counsel for each party must file and exchange a list of all witnesses who might be called at trial. In addition, on the morning of the first day of trial, counsel for each party must provide three copies of the final witness list to the courtroom deputy.
Absent good cause, the court will not permit the testimony of unlisted witnesses at trial over objection. This restriction does not apply to true rebuttal witnesses (i.e., witnesses whose testimony could not have been reasonably foreseen as necessary).
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