RULE 26
DUTY OF DISCLOSURE
(Amended November 7, 2016)
(a) Definitions Applicable to Discovery Requests
The full text of the definitions and rules of construction set forth in paragraphs (c) and (d)
herein is deemed incorporated by reference into all discovery requests served in cases filed in
this District, but shall not preclude (i) the definition of other terms specific to the particular
litigation, (ii) the use of abbreviations or (iii) a more narrow definition of a term defined in
paragraph (c).
(b) This Rule is not intended to broaden or narrow the scope of discovery permitted by the
Federal Rules of Civil Procedure for the United States District Courts.
(c) The following definitions apply to all discovery requests:
(1) Communication. The term ‘communication’ means the transmittal of information (in
the form of facts, ideas, inquiries or otherwise).
(2) Document. The term ‘document’ is synonymous in meaning and equal in scope to
the usage of this term in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 34(a). A draft or non-
identical copy is a separate document within the meaning of this term. A request for
production of ‘documents’ shall encompass, and the response shall include,
electronically stored information, as included in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 34,
unless otherwise specified by the requesting party.
(3) Identify (With Respect to Persons). When referring to a person, to ‘identify’ means
to provide, to the extent known, the person’s full name, present or last known
address, and when referring to a natural person, additionally, the present or last
known place of employment. Once a person has been identified in accordance with
this subparagraph, only the name of that person need be listed in response to
subsequent discovery requesting the identification of that person.
(4) Identify (With Respect to Documents or Electronically Stored Information).
When referring to documents or electronically stored information, to ‘identify’ means
to provide, to the extent known, information about the (i) type of document or
electronically stored information; (ii) its general subject matter; (iii) the date of the
document or electronically stored information; and (iv) author(s), addressee(s) and
recipient(s).
(5) Parties. The terms ‘plaintiff’ and ‘defendant’ as well as a party’s full or abbreviated
name or a pronoun referring to a party mean the party and, where applicable, its
officers, directors, employees, partners, corporate parent, subsidiaries or affiliates.
This definition is not intended to impose a discovery obligation on any person who is
not a party to the litigation.
(6) Person. The term ‘person’ means any natural person or any business, legal or
governmental entity or association.
(7) Concerning. The term ‘concerning’ means relating to, referring to, describing,
evidencing or constituting.
(d) The following rules of construction apply to all discovery requests:
(1) All/Each. The terms ‘all’ and ‘each’ shall both be construed as all and each.
(2) And/Or. The connectives ‘and’ and ‘or’ shall be construed either disjunctively or
conjunctively as necessary to bring within the scope of the discovery request all
responses that might otherwise be construed to be outside its scope.
(3) Number. The use of the singular form of any word includes the plural and vice
versa.
(e) Privilege Log. In accordance with Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(b), when a claim of privilege or work
product protection is asserted in response to a discovery request for documents or electronically
stored information, the party asserting the privilege or protection shall serve on all parties a
privilege log containing the following information:
(1) The type of document or electronically stored information;
(2) The general subject matter of the document or electronically stored
information;
(3) The date of the document or electronically stored information;
(4) The author of the document or electronically stored information; and
(5) Each recipient of the document or electronically stored information.
This rule shall apply only to requests for documents or electronically stored information.
If the information called for by one or more of the foregoing categories is itself privileged, it
need not be disclosed. However, the existence of the document and any non-privileged
information called for by the other categories must be disclosed.
This rule requires preparation of a privilege log with respect to all documents withheld on the
basis of a claim of privilege or work product protection except the following: written or electronic
communications between a party and its trial counsel after commencement of the action and the
work product material created after commencement of the action. The parties may, by
stipulation, narrow or dispense with the privilege log requirement, on the condition that they
agree not to seek to compel production of documents that otherwise would have been logged.
(f) Parties’ Planning Conference.
(1) Within thirty days after the first appearance of a defendant, the attorneys of record and
any self-represented parties who have appeared in the case shall confer for the purposes
described in Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(f). The conference ordinarily shall be initiated by the plaintiff, and
may be conducted by telephone or electronic audio or video conferencing service. Within
fourteen (14) days after the conference, the participants shall jointly complete and file a report in
the form prescribed by Form 26(f), which appears in the Appendix to these Rules.
(2) After the parties’ report is filed, the Court will issue a written scheduling order pursuant to
Fed.R.Civ.P. 16(b). If a defendant appears after the scheduling order is issued, such defendant
shall be bound by the scheduling order unless it is modified by the Court either on its own
initiative or on motion.
(3) This Local Rule 26(f) shall not apply to the following categories of cases: prisoner
petitions; review of decisions by administrative agencies, including social security disability
matters; recovery of defaulted student loans; recovery of overpayment of veterans’ benefits;
forfeiture actions; petitions to quash Internal Revenue summons; appeals from Bankruptcy Court
orders; proceedings to compel arbitration or to confirm or set aside awards and cases under the
Freedom of Information Act.
