Leaving a place, requesting that false information of the person's movements be given, is concealment.1 4. To contrive to prevent the discovery or disclosure of a fact. When the operation of a statute of limitations is to be suspended if the debtor "conceals the cause of action," there must be an arrangement or contrivance of an affirmative character to prevent subsequent discovery.2 To "conceal the death of a bastard child" is a misdemeanor. The time was when the mother had to prove, by at least one witness, that the infant was dead-born; if she could not she was presumed to be guilty of murder. See AIDER AND ABETTER. The fact that the owner of stolen goods does not know of the theft does not amount to a "concealment of the larceny" on the part of the thief, within a provision that where a thief conceals his crime the period of concealment is not to be included within the period of limitation.4 5. To neglect or forbear to disclose information; to withhold intelligence of a fact which in good faith ought to be communicated.5 In insurance law, concealment is the intentional withholding of any fact material to the risk, which the assured, in honesty and good faith, ought to communicate to the underwriter. That is a "material fact" the knowledge or ignorance of which naturally influences the judgment of the underwriter in making the contract, or in estimating the degree and character of the risk, or in fixing the rate of the premium. See further REPRESENTATION, 1 (2). "Fraudulent concealment" is the suppression of something which a party is bound to disclose. The intention to deceive must clearly appear. The test is, whether one party knowingly suffered the other to deal under a delusion. "Undue concealment," which amounts to fraud in the sense of a court of equity, and for which it will grant relief, is the non-disclosure of those facts and circumstances which one party is under some legal or equitable obligation to communicate to the other, and which the latter has a right not merely in foro conscientiæ, but juris et de jure, to know. Deliberate concealment is equivalent to deliberate falsehood.8 In making a contract, each party is bound to communicate his knowledge of the material facts, provided he knows that the other party is ignorant of them, and they are not open and naked, or equally within the reach of the party's observation, and that 1 North v. McDonald, 1 Biss. 59 (1854). * Boyd v. Boyd, 27 Ind. 429 (1867). $4 Bl. Com. 198, 358. Free v. State, 13 Ind. 324 (1859). • See Gerry v. Dunham, 57 Me. 339 (1869). • Magee v. Manhattan Life Ins. Co., 92 U. S. 98 (1875), Swayne, J.; Bartholmew v. Warner, 32 Conn. 103 (1864). 1 Story, Eq. § 207; Paul v. Hadley, 23 Barb. 524 (1857). • Crosby v. Buchanan, 23 Wall. 454 (1874). there is an obligation to communicate truly and fairly, by confidence reposed, or otherwise. See FRAUD. Aliud est celare, aliud tacere. It is one thing to conceal, another to be silent. Silence is not concealment - where matters are equally open for the exercise of judgment. See СлVEAT, Emptor; SILENCE. 1. To close, end, terminate; to finish, complete. Conclusion. (1) An ending or closing, as of an instrument or a pleading. See DECLARATION, 23 INDICTMENT; PLEA, 2. (2) The last argument to a court, or the last address to a jury. See BURDEN, Of proof. (3) An inference or deduction: as, a con. clusion of fact, or of law. See PRESUMPTION. 2. To put an end to, close up; to be final; to estop, bar, preclude.6 14 Kent, 482, note (a). 2 Hooper v. Robinson, 98 U. S. 536, 538 (1878), Swayne, J.; Robbins v. Firemen's Fund Ins. Co., 16 Blatch. 127 (1879). 3 Cummerford v. Thompson, 2 Flip. 614 (1880). 4 Centre Turnpike Co. v. Smith, 12 Vt. 216 (1840). 5 L. claudere, to shut up, close. See Hilliard v. Beattie, 58 N. H. 112 (1877).