BAI

4 definitions found across Law Mind sources

BAIAuthored
The Law Mind • 760 words
Definition
BAI is an Anglo-Norman and Old French legal term appearing in medieval English legal texts with two distinct senses: 1. Delivery. The transfer or handing over of a thing, document, or possession. The phrase le bail des escripts refers specifically to the delivery of writings or documents. 2. Keeping, custody, or guardianship. The condition of being held in the care or charge of another. The phrase en sa baille means "in his keeping" — that is, under his custody or guardianship. Neither sense survives as active legal terminology. BAI is encountered only in historical sources, Latin-French legal treatises, and early common law texts.
Common Language
Modern common usage (Wiktionary): Bai refers to an ethnic group of China, with no connection to legal meaning. Historical common usage (Webster's 1913): Not listed. The word has no meaningful overlap between its common and legal meanings. The legal term is a relic of Law French and appears only in archival and historical legal contexts.
Common Confusion
BAI is easily confused with BAIL, its closest English descendant, but the two are not identical. BAIL in modern law refers specifically to the release of a person from custody upon security given, or to the security itself. BAI, by contrast, carried the broader senses of delivery in general and custody or keeping — senses that map onto what modern law distributes across BAILMENT, CUSTODY, and BAIL. Researchers encountering BAI in medieval texts should not automatically read it as the modern BAIL.
Why It Matters in Research
Researchers working in the Law Mind corpus will encounter BAI almost exclusively in transcriptions or discussions of medieval English treatises — Bracton, Britton, and Fleta being the primary sources. Two traps exist: First, the dual meaning creates ambiguity. Context governs whether BAI means delivery (a transfer of possession) or custody (an ongoing relationship of keeping). These are conceptually distinct, and misreading one for the other distorts the legal relationship being described. Bracton's usage in connection with seisin by rod and staff (fiat seysina per fustim et per baculum) situates BAI within the delivery-of-possession framework, while Britton's usage in c. 66 situates it in guardianship. Second, the relationship between BAI and its English descendants — BAIL, BAILMENT, BAILEE — is not direct translation but conceptual branching. Modern bail (pre-trial release) shares the delivery sense: the accused is "delivered" to the custody of sureties. Bailment also develops from delivery. But the custody/guardianship sense of BAI traveled a different path. Researchers tracing doctrinal history should follow both branches separately rather than treating BAI as a single ancestor of one modern concept. The Guyot reference (Institutes Féodales) indicates that the term also circulated in French feudal law commentary, which may be relevant for researchers comparing English and continental feudal tenure.
Historical Dictionary Support
Burrill's Law Dictionary is the principal source for this term in the Law Mind corpus. Burrill treats BAI as a term of art in the Law French stratum of English legal writing, supplying both senses (delivery; custody) with textual references to Bracton, Britton, and Fleta. The entry is compressed, as was Burrill's habit with foreign-language terms, and does not elaborate on doctrinal content. No other shelf dictionaries in the current corpus carry this term. The absence is predictable: Black's Law Dictionary, Bouvier, and their successors dealt primarily with operative legal terms; BAI had long ceased to function as live terminology by the time those dictionaries were compiled. Researchers should not infer that the absence means the term was unimportant — it simply became historically absorbed into English successors before systematic legal lexicography began. Burrill's citation to Guyot's Institutes Féodales is a useful pointer to comparative feudal law material, though that text sits outside the common law tradition proper.
Jurisdictional Note
BAI is specific to medieval English common law and its Law French inheritance. It has no operative meaning in any modern jurisdiction.
Encyclopedia Cross-Reference
See BAILMENT for the delivery-of-possession doctrine that develops from BAI's first sense. See SEISIN for the transfer-of-possession framework in which Bracton uses the term. See BAIL for the pre-trial release doctrine that inherits the delivery sense.
Related Terms
Bail — modern English descendantpre-trial release context Bailment — delivery of personal property for a specific purpose Bailee — party receiving delivery in a bailment Bailor — party making delivery in a bailment Seisin — possession of land; contextually linked in Bracton's usage Custody — modern counterpart to BAI's guardianship/keeping sense Delivery — core concept underlying BAI's primary sense Law French — the linguistic register in which BAI appears
BAImain
Burrill's Law Dictionary • 1867
ΒΑΙ ( 173 ) Delivery, in general. Le bail des escripts; the delivery of the writings. Britt. c. 34. Keeping or custody; guardianship. En sa baille; in his keeping. Id. c. 66. Fiat seysina per fustim et per baculum; seito a lessee or termor. Guyot, Inst. Feod. sin should be made by rod and staff. Bract. c. 6, s. 16. fol. 40. Fleta, lib. 3, c. 15, § 5. Baculus nuntiatorius; a warning or summoning stick. A white stick or wand, by erecting which on the grounds of a defendant in real actions, he was anciently warned or summoned to appear in court at the return of the original writ. 8 Bl. Com. 379. A baton, such as combatants fought with in the duellum. Frangitur eorum baculus; their baton is broken. A term anciently applied to persons convicted of a felony on their own confession, signifying that they could not bring an appeal against any one. Bract. fol. 152. See Fleta, lib. 1, c. 38, $16. 2 Reeves' Hist. Eng. Law, 43. Sec Baston. BAD ENGLISH, either in spelling or grammar, will not vitiate a deed, bond or bill. See Mala grammatica, &c. "I promose to pay 1007. if the plaintiff mare such a widow," was held a good bill. Freem. 541. BAD LATIN, in old pleading, might be cured by an Anglicè. Freem. 446. (175) pose. See Bailment. Finch, Law, b. 2, risdictions, such as hundreds and wapench. 18. takes. Spelman, voc. Balivus. 1 Bl. Com. 344. See Bailli, Ballivus. The Lat. ballivus occurs indeed in the laws of Edward the Confessor, but Spelman thinks it was introduced by a later hand. BalliBAILIE, Baillie. In Scotch law. A municipal magistrate, corresponding with the English alderman. Brande. Encycl. Amer. A bailiff; a ministerial officer to whom writs are directed for service. Home's Brit. Ant. 61. Bell's Dict. BAILIFE, Baillif. L. Fr. A bailiff; a ministerial officer, with duties similar to those of a sheriff. Per viscont ou per autre bailife le roy; by a sheriff, or by another bailiff of the king. Stat. Westm. 1, Britt. c. 21. BAILER, Bayler, Bailler. L. Fr. In old English law. To bail; to deliver. Il baila un escript al def' à rebailer; he bailed a writing to the defendant, to rebail. Yearb. T. 3 Edw. III. 38. Baila la cist à re-va, (bailiwick,) was the word formed from bailer. M. 5 Edw. III. 24. Sicome jeo ballivus, to denote the extent of territory baile à vous xxl. à bailer ouster. Dyer, comprised within a bailiff's jurisdiction; 21 b, (Fr. ed.) See Bailler. and bailiwick is still retained in writs and other proceedings, as the name of a sheriff's county. 1 Bl. Com. 344. liva. The office of bailiff was at first strictly, though not exclusively, a judicial one. In France, the word had the sense of what Spelman calls justitia tutelaris. Ballivus occurs frequently in the Regiam Majestatem, in the sense of a judge. Spelman. In its sense of deputy, it was formerly applied in England to those officers who, by virtue of deputation, either from the sheriff or the lords of private jurisdictions, exercised within the hundred, or whatever might be the limits of their bailiwick, certain judicial and ministerial functions. With the disuse of private and local jurisdictions, the meaning of the term became commonly restricted to such persons as were deputed by the sheriff to assist him in the merely ministerial portion of his duty; such as the summoning of juries and the execution of writs. Brande. In modern practice, these are either bailiffs of hundreds, or bound bailiffs. The word bailiff is also applied, in England, to the chief magistrates of certain towns and jurisdictions; to the keepers of castles, forests and other places; and to the stewards or agents of lords of manors. Cowell. Blount. In the United States, it is rarely used, except sometimes to signify a sheriff's officer or constable, and a party liable to account to another for the rents or profits of some property entrusted to him. c. 17. See Id. c. 15. The judge of a court. c. 35. 2 Inst. 229, Stat. Westm. 1, A municipal magistrate. Maire et bailifes; mayor and bailiffs. Stat. Gloc. cc. 12, 15. (176)
Bainoun
Wiktionary (English) • 2026
Wiktionary contributorsCC BY-SA 4.0 • via Kaikki
Extracted and formatted for display by Law Mind. Source link opens the current Wiktionary page and its contributor history; it is not a frozen copy of this extract.
An ethnic group of China.
bainoun
Wiktionary (English) • 2026
Wiktionary contributorsCC BY-SA 4.0 • via Kaikki
Extracted and formatted for display by Law Mind. Source link opens the current Wiktionary page and its contributor history; it is not a frozen copy of this extract.
A marshy meadow in sub-Saharan Africa.

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